Flow Rate
Also known as: Extrusion Multiplier, Flow Multiplier, Flow Percentage
A multiplier that adjusts how much filament is extruded, fine-tuning for material variations.
Flow rate (or extrusion multiplier) adjusts the amount of filament extruded. It’s a percentage multiplier applied to calculated extrusion amounts to compensate for material variations.
Why Adjust Flow Rate
- Filament diameter varies between brands
- Different materials flow differently
- Temperature affects viscosity
- Fine-tune dimensional accuracy
Calibrating Flow Rate
Print a Single-Wall Cube
- Set wall line count to 1
- Set infill to 0%
- Print 20mm cube
- Measure wall thickness with calipers
Calculate Correction
New Flow = (Expected / Actual) × Current Flow
Example:
- Nozzle: 0.4mm, expected wall: 0.4mm
- Measured wall: 0.44mm
- New flow = (0.4 / 0.44) × 100% = 91%
Material Defaults
Different materials often need different flow:
- PLA - 95-100%
- PETG - 95-100%
- ABS - 95-100%
- TPU - 100-110%
Signs of Wrong Flow
Under-extrusion (flow too low)
- Gaps in top layers
- Weak layer adhesion
- Thin walls
Over-extrusion (flow too high)
- Bulging lines
- Rough surfaces
- Blobs and zits
- Dimensional inaccuracy
Tip
Calibrate E-steps first, then adjust flow rate. E-steps are hardware calibration; flow rate is material fine-tuning.