Z Offset
Also known as: Z-Offset, Nozzle Offset, First Layer Height Offset
Fine adjustment of the nozzle height relative to the bed for perfect first layers.
Z offset is a fine adjustment that moves the nozzle closer to or further from the bed. It’s used to dial in perfect first layer squish after bed leveling.
Understanding Z Offset
- Negative values (-0.1) move nozzle CLOSER to bed
- Positive values (+0.1) move nozzle AWAY from bed
- Typical range: -0.3mm to +0.3mm
When to Adjust
- First layer not sticking → Lower Z offset (more negative)
- First layer too squished → Raise Z offset (more positive)
- Nozzle scraping bed → Raise Z offset
- After changing nozzle
- After changing build plate
Finding the Right Z Offset
The “Paper Test” Starting Point
- Home printer
- Slide paper under nozzle
- Lower Z until paper has slight resistance
- This is approximate zero
Fine Tuning
- Print a first layer test (large square)
- Observe the lines:
- Gaps between lines → Lower Z offset
- Lines too flat/transparent → Raise Z offset
- Good squish, slight overlap → Perfect!
- Adjust by 0.02-0.05mm increments
Live Z Adjustment
Many printers allow adjusting Z offset during the first layer. Watch and adjust until it looks right:
- Lines should slightly overlap
- No gaps between lines
- Filament not piling up
- Smooth, consistent appearance